Gas burner



W. E. STARK sept. 6, 1932.

GAS BURN ER Filed Dec. 19. 1927 Patented Sept. 6, 1932 UNITED WILLET E. STARK, OF EAST CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNORKT'O Til-IE BRYANT MFG. ;,0F CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO HEATER e eAs v:minimun appiicanonlmeanegember 19, 1927. serial No. 241,012.

This invention relates tov burners and more particularly to gas 'burners forheating systems, and has for its primary objectjto' provide a burner which iseiiicientin'its operation and a decided improvement Lover those types now employed.

A further object of the invention 'iS lto eliminate some of the objections inherent Ain the present types of gas burnersas willbe more fully pointed out.

Referring to the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary side elevational view of a boiler partly in section embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional View of the mixer for the burners on an enlarged scale.

In the drawing I have illustrated part of the boiler which is of customary construction and comprises a base 10, usually of cast iron, and supporting upon its upper portion a plurality of boiler sections l1, one of which is here shown.

The base 10 near its lower inner portion has inwardly projecting members or lugs 12, which support a perforated plate 18, and the space between the plate and the lower ends of the boiler sections 11 is usually termed the combustion chamber.

A plurality of burners 14, only one of which is here shown, are disposed within the combustion chamber for the purpose of supplying the heat for the water within the boiler sections 11, and each of the burners 14 is connected to a common manifold 15 communicating with a suitable gas supply line. The burners 14 are individually controlled by hand operated valves 16, so that the quantity of gas being fed to the burners can be regulated as desired. It is customary to provide a mixer or entrance for the primary air supply, which is usually disposed in the gas line connecting the burners 14 to the supply of gas in the manifold 15, and usuallyv located outside of the combustion chamber. This mixer or air entrance permits a predetermined quantity of air to be drawn in and the same is thoroughly mixed with the gas before passing to the burner, to thereby produce a suitable combustible mixture. Such .a location of the mixer', however., results iin `an objectionable condition inherentin rsystelnsof this character which will abe briefly explained. i i

When ,gas burners, such as the one just described, yare employed with a gas ,that 4-is high in hydrogemthus making it burn very .,quickf ly, there .is a tendency for quite La loudlex- 'plosion to be produced `when the burnersarei primary air entrance, owingto thefslglt draft that exists inside thecoinbustionnhmber. This air Amixes with the airanfd ,gas mix-tureralready 'in the mixer, mixertube and burner, vmaking it 'more explosive. The diffference in pressures between the Linlsiijler and outside ofthe combustion chamber pullsthis *increasingly-thinner mixture out of.theb urn ers wherev it continues to burn atjthe lburner vfports. hen the mixture gets'k thin. ,'eIlllfgh and explosive enough, its rate of propaga- 'tion -becomes higher than the rate vat, which it isissuing fromjtheburner ports, with ,1j/he 'result f that. the flame passes 'back intotlie burner, and the remaining gasfburns instantly-'with aloud znoise. If this takes placefgin a boiler or furnace, `the noise is very `provnouncedand is transmitted through entire system making 'it very annoying. ,flhis 'trouble is `experienced Aprincipally with gas high-in hydrogen or'therusual manufactured gas andthe entire action takes place but a few'seconds i f I, I.

\ To overcomethe objections ,j ust referredfto in systems of the character `-desc ribeg'hcit is any intention :to locate the mixerv` or entrance for the air within the combustion chamber and it will be found that the explosive action is eliminated. The reason for this is that the air pressures at the burner ports and at the primary air entrance are equal. .lVhen the gas flow is cutoff a static condition is established and there can be no flow of the mixture in either .direction., The rate of flamel v propagation of the normal mixture remain- 35,k fore dies away and there is no explosion.

ing in the burners and the mixer tube is so f low that the heat is abstracted fastk enough bythe cast iron ofthe burner body to thereby Y prevent the flame from passing back through the ports and igniting the residual gas in the burners and mixer tubes. The flame, there- A preferred arrangement of the device is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, but

it should be understood that the invention is "applicable'to various types of heating systems. l

" AV mixer 17 isloc'ated within the combustion vchamber and suitably connected in the gas.. supply line between the manifold l5 and Vthefburners 14, providing a suitable entrance `Vforithe air adapted to be mixed with the gas toprovide a mixture of suitable combustible properties.

Y Having thus described my invention, I` `claim: Y i f VIn a gas burning apparatus, the combination of a combustionv chamber, a burner therein''an air and fuel mixing device communi- -cating with the burner, means for delivering fuel to'said device, and adjustable means disposed partially within and partiallyv without the r'combustion `chamber and adjustable from voutside the chamber'for regulating the primary air supplied to lsaid device andffory ycausing said air to 'be supplied from inside. the combustion chamber a reduced pressure. 1 4 Y In testimony whereof,I hereunto aflixmy signature.

` WILLET E. STARK.

kThe mixer 17 vcomprises enlarged Ycylin- .if

drical-portion 18` formed integral with the end' of the mixer tube19, land has a concentric tubular member 20 supported by an integral l. H

`web, the latter havingja plurality of aperj tures 2 1 extending therethrough forithe pasusage of air into the mixer tube. or'outer'end of the member 20 is exteriorly p screw-threaded to receive an adjustable mem- The forward ber 22 which has an'enlarged end 23 of substantiallythesame diameter as the' enlarged portion 18 and cooperates with the latter to control -the quantity of air which passes into the mixer tube 19, that is, a less quantity of f fair is 'admitted when thefadjustable member I V22 is'advancedy towardV the enlarged portion member 22 is moved away from the enlarged V,portion 18, by varying the space or airpas- Y ,sagev between the enlarged portion '1S-and the enlarged end 23.

A18 and a greater quantityL ofair is admitted i Ato the mixer tube 19' when the adjustable The adjustable member 22has formed a its forward end a nut v2t for moving/the for- 'me r along the tubular member20, and is positioned outside lof the combustion chamber l so that adjustment is afforded from the outside of the boiler. The adjustable member 22 preferably extends through an opening 25' i prov1ded'1n the front portion of the base 10, 'as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. l

vThe pipe 26 which communicates with the manifold andthroughwhich the gas. is

tending through the adjustable member 22.

The outer surfaceis provided with screwthreads and supports a tubular extension 27 whlch extends within the tubular member 5 'supplied to the burners, has its free end exv 

